What drives teacher responses to racist bullying? Testing an integrated theoretical model

A significant number of children face racist bullying, targeting their race, nationality, or religion. Teachers play a critical role in creating safe, inclusive environments, yet many feel uncertain about how to respond to racism. This research takes an innovative approach to understanding teacher responses and developing more inclusive school climates. We will test a comprehensive theoretical model that explains which factors help or hinder effective teacher responses to racist bullying in Dutch primary and secondary schools. Our findings will improve understanding of how teachers can be better supported while providing practical guidance for schools to address racist bullying more effectively.