Abstract
In dit artikel beschrijven we de stand van zaken op het gebied van de behandeling van vrouwelijke en mannelijke seksuele disfuncties met behulp van interventies uit de cognitieve gedragstherapie. De ontwikkeling in de theorievorming wordt besproken, waarbij specifieke leerprocessen als habituatie, klassieke en operante conditionering besproken worden. Ook worden cognitieve determinanten van seksueel gedrag en seksuele opwinding behandeld, in het bijzonder de relatie tussen angsten negatieve stemming en seksuele opwinding, prestatiedruk, en de effecten van aandachtsafleiding en zelfgerichte aandacht. Vervolgens beschrijven we gedragstherapeutische en cognitieve interventies en aandachtspunten bij de assessment ter voorbereiding daarop. De seksuele disfuncties bij vrouwen en mannen worden afzonderlijk besproken, waarbij we beschikbare wetenschappelijke evidentie weergeven en bij sommige disfuncties constateren dat deze nog grotendeels ontbreekt.We besluiten met de vaststelling dat in de afgelopen decennia meer bekend is geworden over psychologische en biologische determinanten van de diverse disfuncties. Er zijn verschillende vormen van CGT ontwikkeld, waarvan de werkzaamheid bij bepaalde typen disfuncties (erectiestoornis, vrouwelijke orgasmestoornis) in gecontroleerd onderzoek meermalen werd aangetoond.
In this article we review the field of cognitive behaviour therapy for female and male sexual dysfunctions. We discuss the development of theoretical accounts of sexual dysfunctions, specifically addressing the learning processes of habituation, classical and instrumental conditioning. We also review cognitive determinants of sexual behaviour and sexual arousal, and the association of anxiety and negative mood with sexual arousal, as well as the effects on arousal of performance demand, attentional distraction and self-focused attention. Next, we describe behavioural and cognitive interventions and aspects of assessment to assist in treatment planning. Cognitive-behavioural treatments of sexual dysfunction in women and men are reviewed separately, including the available empirical evidence of their efficacy. For some dysfunctions types this evidence is largely absent. We conclude that the knowledge base on psychological and biological determinants of sexual function and dysfunction has increased over the last decades. Several interventions based on the cognitive-behavioural model have been developed, some of which were shown in controlled investigations to be efficacious for specific types of sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, female orgasmic disorder).
In this article we review the field of cognitive behaviour therapy for female and male sexual dysfunctions. We discuss the development of theoretical accounts of sexual dysfunctions, specifically addressing the learning processes of habituation, classical and instrumental conditioning. We also review cognitive determinants of sexual behaviour and sexual arousal, and the association of anxiety and negative mood with sexual arousal, as well as the effects on arousal of performance demand, attentional distraction and self-focused attention. Next, we describe behavioural and cognitive interventions and aspects of assessment to assist in treatment planning. Cognitive-behavioural treatments of sexual dysfunction in women and men are reviewed separately, including the available empirical evidence of their efficacy. For some dysfunctions types this evidence is largely absent. We conclude that the knowledge base on psychological and biological determinants of sexual function and dysfunction has increased over the last decades. Several interventions based on the cognitive-behavioural model have been developed, some of which were shown in controlled investigations to be efficacious for specific types of sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, female orgasmic disorder).
Translated title of the contribution | Psychological treatment of female and male sexual dysfunctions: an overview |
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Original language | Dutch |
Pages (from-to) | 155-184 |
Number of pages | 30 |
Journal | Gedragstherapie |
Volume | 45 |
Issue number | 2 |
Publication status | Published - 2012 |
Keywords
- sexual dysfunctions
- sexual disorders
- cognitive therapy
- behavioural therapy