Abstract
Introduction: Although supporting the well-being of older adults is a widely endorsed goal in long-term care, achieving and assessing it remains challenging. Insight into well-being is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of care and support. Using Social Production Functions (SPF) theory as a theoretical approach for a measurement instrument can help identify unmet needs and determine whether the care and support improve well-being. However, existing instruments based on SPF theory are limited in their suitability for the heterogeneous population of older long-term care clients.
Objective: The inSigHt INto wEll-being (SHINE) project aims to develop a new self-report well-being measurement instrument for older adults in long-term care, theoretically grounded in SPF theory.
Method: Instrument development was an iterative process involving three phases: (1) item generation, (2) expert validation and (3) comprehensibility assessment among the target population. First, an initial item pool was formed based on definitions formulated for the SPF well-being-domains (i.e., comfort, stimulation, affection, behavioural confirmation and status) by combining relevant items from existing instruments with newly developed items. Second, experts working in long-term care completed an online survey assessing item relevance and comprehensibility, and a content validity index and comprehensibility index were calculated. Finally, cognitive interviews were conducted with long-term care clients to further evaluate and improve item comprehensibility, using Tourangeau’s conceptual model to identify and categorize problems.
Results: The initial pool of 82 items was assessed by 20 experts (7 physicians, 5 nurses, 4 psychologists, 2 paramedics and 2 counsellors; mean years work experience 14,7). After discussion of 21 items that were identified as insufficiently relevant and 23 items as insufficiently comprehensible, 20 items were deleted, 12 were adjusted and 2 items were added. Cognitive interviews among 12 long-term care clients (mean age 82,4; 50% females; 75% nursing home residents) identified a total of 71 problems (of which 30 involved comprehension, 3 retrieval, 8 judgment, 19 responding and 11 other problems). After final adjustments, the instrument consisted of 59 items.
Conclusion: The SHINE well-being instrument shows sufficient content validity to measure self-reported well-being of older adults in long-term care. A follow-up study will assess construct validity and reliability.
Keywords: Well-being, Instrument Development
Additional details
What type of abstract is this?
Free/Oral Presentation
Introduction
Although supporting the well-being of older adults is a widely endorsed goal in long-term care, achieving and assessing it remains challenging. Insight into well-being is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of care and support. Using Social Production Functions (SPF) theory as a theoretical approach for a measurement instrument can help identify unmet needs and determine whether the care and support improve well-being. However, existing instruments based on SPF theory are limited in their suitability for the heterogeneous population of older long-term care clients.
Objective
The inSigHt INto wEll-being (SHINE) project aims to develop a new self-report well-being measurement instrument for older adults in long-term care, theoretically grounded in SPF theory.
Method
Instrument development was an iterative process involving three phases: (1) item generation, (2) expert validation and (3) comprehensibility assessment among the target population. First, an initial item pool was formed based on definitions formulated for the SPF well-being-domains (i.e., comfort, stimulation, affection, behavioural confirmation and status) by combining relevant items from existing instruments with newly developed items. Second, experts working in long-term care completed an online survey assessing item relevance and comprehensibility, and a content validity index and comprehensibility index were calculated. Finally, cognitive interviews were conducted with long-term care clients to further evaluate and improve item comprehensibility, using Tourangeau’s conceptual model to identify and categorize problems.
Results
The initial pool of 82 items was assessed by 20 experts (7 physicians, 5 nurses, 4 psychologists, 2 paramedics and 2 counsellors; mean years work experience 14,7). After discussion of 21 items that were identified as insufficiently relevant and 23 items as insufficiently comprehensible, 20 items were deleted, 12 were adjusted and 2 items were added. Cognitive interviews among 12 long-term care clients (mean age 82,4; 50% females; 75% nursing home residents) identified a total of 71 problems (of which 30 involved comprehension, 3 retrieval, 8 judgment, 19 responding and 11 other problems). After final adjustments, the instrument consisted of 59 items.
Conclusion
The SHINE well-being instrument shows sufficient content validity to measure self-reported well-being of older adults in long-term care. A follow-up study will assess construct validity and reliability.
Keywords
Well-being, Instrument Development
Objective: The inSigHt INto wEll-being (SHINE) project aims to develop a new self-report well-being measurement instrument for older adults in long-term care, theoretically grounded in SPF theory.
Method: Instrument development was an iterative process involving three phases: (1) item generation, (2) expert validation and (3) comprehensibility assessment among the target population. First, an initial item pool was formed based on definitions formulated for the SPF well-being-domains (i.e., comfort, stimulation, affection, behavioural confirmation and status) by combining relevant items from existing instruments with newly developed items. Second, experts working in long-term care completed an online survey assessing item relevance and comprehensibility, and a content validity index and comprehensibility index were calculated. Finally, cognitive interviews were conducted with long-term care clients to further evaluate and improve item comprehensibility, using Tourangeau’s conceptual model to identify and categorize problems.
Results: The initial pool of 82 items was assessed by 20 experts (7 physicians, 5 nurses, 4 psychologists, 2 paramedics and 2 counsellors; mean years work experience 14,7). After discussion of 21 items that were identified as insufficiently relevant and 23 items as insufficiently comprehensible, 20 items were deleted, 12 were adjusted and 2 items were added. Cognitive interviews among 12 long-term care clients (mean age 82,4; 50% females; 75% nursing home residents) identified a total of 71 problems (of which 30 involved comprehension, 3 retrieval, 8 judgment, 19 responding and 11 other problems). After final adjustments, the instrument consisted of 59 items.
Conclusion: The SHINE well-being instrument shows sufficient content validity to measure self-reported well-being of older adults in long-term care. A follow-up study will assess construct validity and reliability.
Keywords: Well-being, Instrument Development
Additional details
What type of abstract is this?
Free/Oral Presentation
Introduction
Although supporting the well-being of older adults is a widely endorsed goal in long-term care, achieving and assessing it remains challenging. Insight into well-being is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of care and support. Using Social Production Functions (SPF) theory as a theoretical approach for a measurement instrument can help identify unmet needs and determine whether the care and support improve well-being. However, existing instruments based on SPF theory are limited in their suitability for the heterogeneous population of older long-term care clients.
Objective
The inSigHt INto wEll-being (SHINE) project aims to develop a new self-report well-being measurement instrument for older adults in long-term care, theoretically grounded in SPF theory.
Method
Instrument development was an iterative process involving three phases: (1) item generation, (2) expert validation and (3) comprehensibility assessment among the target population. First, an initial item pool was formed based on definitions formulated for the SPF well-being-domains (i.e., comfort, stimulation, affection, behavioural confirmation and status) by combining relevant items from existing instruments with newly developed items. Second, experts working in long-term care completed an online survey assessing item relevance and comprehensibility, and a content validity index and comprehensibility index were calculated. Finally, cognitive interviews were conducted with long-term care clients to further evaluate and improve item comprehensibility, using Tourangeau’s conceptual model to identify and categorize problems.
Results
The initial pool of 82 items was assessed by 20 experts (7 physicians, 5 nurses, 4 psychologists, 2 paramedics and 2 counsellors; mean years work experience 14,7). After discussion of 21 items that were identified as insufficiently relevant and 23 items as insufficiently comprehensible, 20 items were deleted, 12 were adjusted and 2 items were added. Cognitive interviews among 12 long-term care clients (mean age 82,4; 50% females; 75% nursing home residents) identified a total of 71 problems (of which 30 involved comprehension, 3 retrieval, 8 judgment, 19 responding and 11 other problems). After final adjustments, the instrument consisted of 59 items.
Conclusion
The SHINE well-being instrument shows sufficient content validity to measure self-reported well-being of older adults in long-term care. A follow-up study will assess construct validity and reliability.
Keywords
Well-being, Instrument Development
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | IPA Leiden 2026 Abstract Library |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2026 |
| Event | 2026 IPA International Congress. Across borders, beyond boudaries: Connecting Research, Education, and Practice for Better Mental Health in Older People - Leiden, Netherlands Duration: 1 Jul 2026 → 3 Jul 2026 https://event.fourwaves.com/ic26/pages |
Conference
| Conference | 2026 IPA International Congress. Across borders, beyond boudaries: Connecting Research, Education, and Practice for Better Mental Health in Older People |
|---|---|
| Abbreviated title | IPA 2026 |
| Country/Territory | Netherlands |
| City | Leiden |
| Period | 1/07/26 → 3/07/26 |
| Internet address |
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