The use of open innovation metrics

Open innovation (OI) represents an important field of innovation research, reflecting the widespread use in practice and policy. Despite its importance, research on OI metrics mostly covers specific elements and application contexts of OI, ignoring a variety of application possibilities. At the same time, several aspects of OI hardly appear in measurement studies at all, such as in emerging fields like OI's intra-organization underpinnings, OI in ecosystems, and OI's societal impact. In many cases, the use of OI metrics is mostly understood in specific contexts and research is mostly exploratory, limited to qualitative analyses, or maps rather than tests metrics. This chapter presents an overview of the focus elements in the literature on OI metrics and shares a future research outlook.