Trade openness and income inequality: The moderating role of institutional quality

Hyun-Jung Nam*, Bart Frijns, Doojin Ryu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

This study examines the effects of trade openness on income inequality and the moderating role of institutional quality in this dynamic within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. We find the inverted U-shaped relationship between trade openness and income inequality. At a low level of trade openness, an increase in trade openness leads to higher income inequality. Beyond a certain threshold, however, trade openness starts to decrease income inequality. Institutional quality plays a moderating role, proving essential in reducing inequality. As policies and regulations improve and mature, they support private sector growth, contributing to a decrease in inequality. We highlight the importance of institutional quality as a moderator, not only to promote economic growth but also to ensure an equitable distribution of its benefits, particularly those derived from trade openness, across society.

Original languageEnglish
Article number100959
Number of pages13
JournalGlobal Finance Journal
Volume60
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2024

Keywords

  • ASEAN
  • Income inequality
  • Institutional quality
  • Inverted U-shape
  • Trade openness

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