ANALYSIS OF ONLINE ATTITUDES IN REGARDS TO AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Abstract

This study explores the impact of Elon Musk’s and Greta Thunberg’s public disclosures of their Asperger’s diagnoses on online public discourse with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) on two major social media platforms: Reddit and TikTok. By examining how users respond to such disclosures, the research aims to contribute to a more profound understanding of how such disclosures by idols can change the public’s views of ASD—insights that are essential for mitigating negative impacts and amplifying positive ones. The main research question guides the study:
"How do the discourses and corresponding sentiments of Reddit and TikTok public users toward ASD vary regarding the influence of prominent figures with autism, specifically ElonMusk and Greta Thunberg?"

To address this, we used a combination of four sentiment analysis models and topic modelling across different temporal approaches (quarterly, weekly, and daily) fromJanuary 2019 to December 2024 to analyse the sentiments and topics discussed on either platform, followed by consultation with five autism experts for more insight.

The quantitative results revealed differences in sentiment expressed and topics discussed between the platforms. However, the data showed no fundamental shifts in public sentiments or discussions linked to the disclosures.
To contextualise and interpret these findings, the qualitative study offered more profound insight into how factors such as social media platform culture, political and social bias, and people’s perceptions of their celebrities may shape public discussions on ASD. Experts have stressed that the awareness raised by high-profile autistic individuals may lead to broader discussions, which might lead to profound understanding and acceptance. These findings show how helpful it is to combine quantitative analysis with experts’ insights to understand the complex discussions on autism that are acquired online.

This study contributes to the growing field of online autism studies. It highlights the need for further research that accounts for data patterns, lived experiences, and the silent majority, which is typically excluded from such studies.

Date of Award	19 May 2025
Original language	English
Supervisor	Clara Maathuis (Examiner) & Sylvia Stuurman (Co-assessor)